The aim of this independent research is to provide an overview of different infringing business models, assessing how they function, how they are financed, how they generate profits for their operators, what kinds of content they disseminate and how large their user bases are. The study provides enhanced understanding to policymakers, civil society and private businesses. At the same time, it helps to identify and better understand the range of responses necessary to tackle the challenge of large scale online IPR infringements. Access Full report and Webinar